Act Utilitarianism By Jeremy Bentham And John Stuart Mill...

Act utilitarianism is a theory proposed by English philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill during the 19th century. The aforementioned theory states that an action is morally good if its benefits exceed its harms, and correspondingly an action is considered morally bad if its harms exceed its benefits. Act utilitarianism is based upon the principle of utility, which states an action is right, if it increases the total happiness of the affected parties, and wrong if it decreases the total happiness of the affected parties. Therefore, the moral action would be the action that minimizes the decrease in total happiness. Analyzing act utilitarianism in the situation mentioned, where Jean impersonates a health care provider to provide medicine for his dying nephew, It is important to first assess the total happiness of each party involved, and measure out the final total happiness. Pierre’s total happiness due to Jean’s actions will be at a 100. I’ve made Pierre’s happiness 100 because this is the happiest Pierre will be since his life was saved, alternatively, he could be dead. I would put Jean’s happiness at -5, because even though he’s happy that Pierre is alive, he can’t help but feel guilty that he impersonated a physician and might face serious consequences for those actions as a result. The pharmacist’s total happiness will be 50, since he got payment for the day regardless if Jean picked up his medication or not. Overall, the total happiness of the affectedShow MoreRelatedHappiness And Happiness1736 Words   |  7 Pagesthe 3 time period will be addressed: Historical utilitarianism, Classical utilitarianism, and Modern utilitarianism. They are very similar but have important miniscule differences in them that separates them from each other but overall share the same concept of happiness. 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